What does the term "caries" refer to in dentistry?

The term "caries" specifically refers to tooth decay or cavities, which is the process leading to the destruction of tooth structure. Caries occur due to the action of bacteria that produce acids from food particles, primarily sugars, which demineralize the tooth enamel and can eventually penetrate deeper into the tooth structure if not addressed.

Understanding caries is crucial for dental health, as it highlights the importance of oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing, to remove food particles and plaque that contribute to the development of cavities. Regular dental check-ups also help in the early detection and management of caries, preventing more severe dental issues and preserving tooth structure.